WIP: Pre-final version
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Radu C. Martin
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26 changed files with 288 additions and 151 deletions
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@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ Table~\ref{tab:GIMP_measurements}:
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\hline
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Object & Size [px] & Size[mm] & Size[m]\\
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\hline \hline
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acrshort{hvac} height & 70 & 2100 & 2.1 \\
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\acrshort{hvac} height & 70 & 2100 & 2.1 \\
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Building height & 230 & 6900 & 6.9 \\
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Stem wall & 45 & 1350 & 1.35 \\
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Dome height & 185 & 5550 & 5.55 \\
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@ -174,13 +174,13 @@ The stem of the \pdome\ is approximated to a cube of edge 25m, and its volume ca
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therefore be calculated as:
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\begin{equation}
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V_s = l_s^2 * h_s
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V_s = l_s^2 \times h_s
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\end{equation}
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The total volume of the building is then given as:
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\begin{equation}
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V = V_d + V_s = \frac{1}{6} \pi h (3r^2 + h^2) + l_s^2 * h_s
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V = V_d + V_s = \frac{1}{6} \pi h (3r^2 + h^2) + l_s^2 \times h_s
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\end{equation}
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Numerically, considering a dome diameter of 28m, a dome height of 5.55m and a stem
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@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ Exchange Rate, presented in Section~\ref{sec:Air_Exchange_Rate}.
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The main function of the \pdome\ building is serving as a classroom for around
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one hundred students. It has wood furniture consisting of chairs and tables, as
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well as a wooden stage in the center of the building, meant to be used for
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presentations. The building also contains a smaller room, housing the all the
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presentations. The building also contains a smaller room, housing all the
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necessary technical equipment (cf. Figure~\ref{fig:Google_Maps_Streetview}).
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The most accurate way of including information on the furniture in the CARNOT
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@ -233,7 +233,15 @@ has a surface area of:
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\begin{equation}
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S_f = \frac{1}{4} \cdot 1.8 \left[\frac{\text{m}^2}{\text{m}^2}\right]
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\cdot 625\ \left[\text{m}^2\right] = 140\ \left[\text{m}^2\right]
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\cdot 625\ \left[\text{m}^2\right] = 281.25 \left[\text{m}^2\right]
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\end{equation}
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Since a wall has two large faces, the total surface gets divided between them
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for a surface of each face of:
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\begin{equation}
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S_{f, \text{face}} =
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\frac{1}{2} \times S_f \approx 140 \left[\text{m}^2\right]
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\end{equation}
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\subsubsection*{Mass}
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@ -270,8 +278,9 @@ The last parameter of the furniture equivalent wall is computed by dividing its
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volume by the surface:
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\begin{equation}
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h_f = \frac{V_f}{S_f} = \frac{10.41}{140} \left[\frac{m^3}{m^2}\right] =
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0.075\ \left[\text{m}\right] = 7.5\ \left[\text{cm}\right]
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h_f = \frac{V_f}{S_{f, \text{face}}}
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= \frac{10.41}{140} \left[\frac{m^3}{m^2}\right]
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= 0.075\ \left[\text{m}\right] = 7.5\ \left[\text{cm}\right]
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\end{equation}
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@ -284,7 +293,7 @@ parameters for each of the CARNOT nodes' properties.
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\subsubsection{Windows}
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The windows are supposed to be made of two glass panes of thickness 4mm each.
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The windows are made of two glass panes of thickness 4mm each.
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The values of the heat transfer coefficient (U-factor) can vary greatly for
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different window technologies, but an educated guess can be made on the lower
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@ -345,8 +354,8 @@ Table~\ref{tab:material_properties}:
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\centering
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\begin{tabular}{||c c c c||}
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\hline
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Material & Thermal Conductivity $[k]$ $[\frac{W}{mK}]$ & Specific Heat
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Capacity $[c]$ $[\frac{J}{kgK}]$ & Density $[\rho]$ $[\frac{kg}{m^3}]$
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Material & Thermal Conductivity $k$ $[\frac{W}{mK}]$ & Specific Heat
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Capacity $c$ $[\frac{J}{kgK}]$ & Density $\rho$ $[\frac{kg}{m^3}]$
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\\
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\hline \hline
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Plywood & 0.12 & 1210 & 540 \\
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@ -375,7 +384,7 @@ the cases where the full cooling capacity is not required.
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\subsubsection*{Ventilation}
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According to the manufacturer manual \cite{aermecRoofTopManuelSelection}, the
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\acrshort{hvac} unit's external fan has an air debit ranging between 4900
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\acrshort{hvac} unit's external fan has an air flow ranging between 4900
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$\text{m}^3/\text{h}$ and 7000 $\text{m}^3/\text{h}$.
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\subsubsection*{Air Exchange Rate}\label{sec:Air_Exchange_Rate}
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@ -467,12 +476,13 @@ compressors. The instruction manual of the
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\acrshort{hvac}~\cite{aermecRoofTopManuelSelection} notes that in summer only
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one of the compressors is running. This allows for a larger \acrshort{eer} value
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and thus better performance. We can see that this is the case for most of the
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experiment, where the power consumption caps at around 6~kW. There are, however,
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moments during the first part of the experiment where the power momentarily
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peaks over the 6~kW limit, and goes as high as around 9~kW. This most probably
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happens when the \acrshort{hvac} decides that the difference between the set
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point temperature and the actual measured values is too large to compensate with
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a single compressor.
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experiment, where the power consumption caps at around 6~kW, which is the
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maximum power consumption of one compressor. There are, however, moments during
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the first part of the experiment where the power momentarily peaks over the 6~kW
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limit, and goes as high as around 9~kW. This most probably happens when the
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\acrshort{hvac} decides that the difference between the set point temperature
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and the actual measured values is too large to compensate with a single
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compressor.
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Figure~\ref{fig:Polydome_exp7_settemp} presents the values of the set point
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temperature and the measured internal temperature.
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@ -506,7 +516,7 @@ pressure, wind speed and direction, etc. A detailed overview of each
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measurement necessary for a simulation is given in the CARNOT user
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manual~\cite{CARNOTManual}.
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In order to compare the CARNOT model's performance to that of the real \pdome\,
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In order to compare the CARNOT model's performance to that of the real \pdome,
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it is necessary to simulate the CARNOT model under the same set of conditions as
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the ones present during the experimental data collection. In order to do this,
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all the missing values that are required by the simulation have to be filled. In
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@ -540,12 +550,12 @@ All the other parameters related to solar irradiance, such as the in-plane
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irradiance components, in-plane diffuse irradiance from the sky and the ground
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are computed using the Python pvlib.
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The values that cannot be either calculated or approximated from the available
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The values that can be neither calculated nor approximated from the available
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data, such as the precipitation, wind direction, incidence angles in place of
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vertical and main/secondary surface axis, have been replaced with the default
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CARNOT placeholder value of -9999. The relative humidity, cloud index, pressure
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and wind speed have been fixed to 50\%, 0.5, 96300 Pa, 0 $\text{m}/\text{s}$
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respectively.
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and wind speed have been fixed to the default CARNOT values of 50\%, 0.5, 96300
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Pa, 0 $\text{m}/\text{s}$ respectively.
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\subsubsection{\pdome\ and CARNOT model comparison}\label{sec:CARNOT_comparison}
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